Modern Turkey :: essays research papers

THE REPUBLIC PERIOD Current Turkish Period (1923-Present) 1923 Establishment of the Turkish Republic with Ataturk as its first president 1924 Abolition of Caliphate 1925-38 Ataturk's program of changes to modernize Turkey 1938 Death of Ataturk; Ismet Inonu turns into the Republic's subsequent president 1939-45 Despite the coalition with Britain and France, Turkey stays unbiased during World War II 1946 Turkey turns into a contract individual from United Nations 1950 Turkey enters Korean War as a piece of United Nations power; change from a solitary gathering to a multi-party framework 1952 Joins the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) The endeavor of the successful Allies to control the Anatolian domain prompted the Turkish War of Independence (1918-23). Following the control of Istanbul in 1920 by the British, Italian and French, a Greek armed force progressed from Izmir profound into Anatolia. While the ruler offered no obstruction, under the authority of Kemal Ataturk, the Turkish Nationalists toppled the after war settlement exemplified in the Treaty of Sã ©vres (1920) and set up the Republic of Turkey, officially perceived by the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. Mustafa Kemal resigned his military uniform and propelled the individuals to a considerably more prominent assignment: Transformation of the nation into the majority rule, mainstream Republic of Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk 1881 Birth of Mustafa in Salonika 1893 Enters Military Secondary School where he is given the name of Kema 1899 Enters War College in Constantinople 1902 Graduates as lieutenant 1905 Posted to fifth Army in Damascus 1907 Posted to third Army in Salonika 1908 "Young Turk" Revolution in Salonika 1911 Posted to General Staff in Constantinople; goes to Tobruk and Derna with Turkish Forces, elevated to Major 1912 Balkan War; serious thrashing, gets back 1913 Appointed Military Attachã © in Sofia 1914 Promoted Lieutenant-Colonel; Turkey signs mystery coalition with Germany; Russia, Britain and France announce war on Turkey 1915 Appointed to redesign ninth Division, in Thrace; fruitless partnered maritime assault on Dardanelles; associated military arriving at Ariburnu (Anzac); elevated to colonel; selected to order sixteenth Army Corps 1916 Allied departure of Gallipoli Peninsula; moved to Caucasus front; elevated to General and Pasa 1917 Returns to Constantinople 1919 Appointed Inspector-General in Anatolia; arrives in Samsun; issues "Declaration of Independence" at Amasya; requested by Government to return; leaves the military; Nationalist Congress at Sivas and Erzurum; National Pact; new parliament chose; central command at Angora 1920 (April 23) First Turkish Grand National Assembly (TGNA) at Ankara 1921 Consecutive fights against various adversaries; given title of Gazi and rank of Marshal by TGNA